Due to the area's flat topography, Botswana has reached its limit for further development of additional dams. However, the locally available water resources are not able to meet the current and growing demand for water to support various livelihood activities. Groundwater resources are also limited due to low recharge rates and high saline groundwater in some key source areas. Due to the imminent effects of climate change on water resources, growing populations and the need to support agriculture for improved food security, efforts to meet future water demand will need upscaling.  Transboundary water resources, conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water resources, nature-based water solutions, and disaster risk reduction options are key to meeting the country’s water demand. For these reasons, this research proposes actions aimed at improving water security in the country, considering the effects of climate change and disaster risk reduction within the context of transboundary water resources management in the Limpopo and Orange-Senqu River basins. The research will be implemented in four work packages addressing the above key areas. These are WP1-Climate Change, Disaster Risk Reduction and Implications on Transboundary Water Management; WP2- The influence of groundwater-surface water interactions on groundwater availability, recharge, and water quality; WP3- Nature-based and low-cost wastewater treatment solutions for improved water quality for irrigation use; WP4- Capacity development, citizen science and knowledge management for effective water resources management. Through these work packages, the project will enhance water availability and quality, thereby supporting socio-economic livelihoods. Furthermore, the project will provide scientifically based advice to support decision-makers in managing water resources. The project will also contribute to increased human capital for water practitioners and community empowerment through citizen science activities. The project will be implemented in the Limpopo and Orange-Senqu River Basins, which are key basins for Botswana within the context of transboundary and shared water resources.