Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible form of dementia that is characterized by loss of memory and motor abilities, as well as psychiatric abnormalities. Accurate and early diagnosis of AD is crucial for both delaying the onset of the disease’s symptoms and prescribing a management plan. However, as many medical practitioners attest, precise diagnosis of AD is complex and difficult. Previously, AD diagnosis was based exclusively on clinical criteria; however, recent AD diagnosis guidelines consider the presence of biological markers. The current medicine is improving in novel non-invasive biomarker detection, neuroimaging techniques, and acquiring new knowledge of molecular pathways of AD. This review will provide a critical overview of AD diagnostic errors, current challenges, need for non-invasive biomarkers as well as how improvements in biomarkers and neuroimaging techniques can assist in early detection of AD.

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