This chapter provides a short overview of geological units that have surface expression along with the dominant landforms and landscapes of Botswana. It introduces the western portion of the country which features young regional arenosols and is home to few outcrops. This is often simply referred to as the Kalahari. The exception is the Ghanzi Ridge, a highly denuded Precambrian Orogen, sitting between two regional, but largely concealed cratons. The lower-lying east is home to Archean hills and the countries major drainage network. The second part of the introduction covers the geomorphic settings associated with the various book chapters with much focus on the landscapes of the Kalahari, northern Botswana and eastern lowveld. Especially the north and northeast are home to a variety of fluvial systems, which include the Okavango, Zambezi Catchments and Makgadikgadi dry lake. In conclusion, this chapter draws attention to the tertiary education of geomorphology in Botswana.

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