This study explores the proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) in sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on Nigeria. The proliferation of SALW on the continent of Africa, according to some scholars, has been responsible for violence, crime, and terrorism in the sub-Saharan region. It has become one of the banes to security and developmental challenges in Africa during the last two decades. The wave of proliferation across Africa has resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people each year in counties like Somalia, Kenya, and Nigeria. In Nigeria, SALW proliferation across the country has ravaged lives and properties, and over 2 000 people have been reported dead in the country. Suffice to say, combating SALW proliferation has been a challenge to the government. Given this situation, the key questions posed in this article are the following: What are the effects of the proliferation of SALW on the peace and security of Nigeria? Importantly, what are the challenges faced by the government in combating the SALW proliferation in Nigeria? This study adopts a qualitative research design, with interviews as the primary data source but complemented by secondary sources. After identifying the issues in combating SALW in Nigeria, it then makes concrete proposals for the way forward.

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