Book chapter abstract
Neoliberal Governmentality, Discursive Power and Wildlife Conservation in Southern African
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Publication Details Author list: Suping Kekgaoditse Publisher: CEDRED Publications Place: Nairobi : Kenya Publication year: 2021 Start page: 80 End page: 93 Number of pages: 14 |
Abstract The southern Africa is endowed with wildlife resources. Wildlife conservation laws, policies, institutions and land spaces have been enacted and established at national level by various states in the sub-region. Collectively, southern African states have created wildlife management protocols. Furthermore, international environmental organizations have several wildlife conservation agreements with individual states and the regional bloc, the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The national, regional and global initiatives on wildlife management have collectively ensured sustainable wildlife conservation. Wildlife conservation has sustained the global tourism sector, resulting with an increase in trans-national tourism networks as well as a growing number of exogenous tourists. Using neo-liberal governmentality, this chapter argues that despite successes in wildlife conservation in southern Africa, there are prevalent challenges at both the state and regional levels. First, discursive power has been used by global wildlife conservation actors to justify their interventions and control of wildlife resources in southern Africa. Second, the global actors in wildlife conservation have emerged as interpretive communities that generate wildlife conservation success narratives void of local voices in the region, to consolidate their dominance and exclusive benefits from wildlife resources. Third, wildlife conservation and tourism protocols and practices in Southern Africa are an embodiment of neoliberal governmentality and discursive power, the result of which are, prevalent inequities, marginalization of indigenous people and local enterprises, as well as exploitation of states in the sub-region. In conclusion, this chapter recommends democratization of wildlife conservation in southern Africa to include marginalized local peoples in wildlife management and conservation narratives. Wildlife conservation protocols, laws and policies at both the regional and state levels ought to be conceptualized and determined by people within the region, and not be an imposition of transnational actors.
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