Smart and networked digital manufacturing technologies have completely changed how products are developed and distributed in Industry 4.0. These developments improve manufacturing processes’ agility and efficiency, but they also have significant social, economic, and environmental ramifications. The increasing need to evaluate the social, economic, and environmental effects of Industry 4.0 technology is addressed by this study by creating sustainability indicators. The study highlights how crucial these sustainability indicators are in coordinating manufacturing processes with the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Manufacturers may reduce their carbon footprint, conserve resources, and ensure the well-being of their workers and local communities by evaluating the environmental and social effects of digital manufacturing systems. Furthermore, the study emphasises the significance of developing Industry 4.0 technologies and providing enterprises with implementation techniques for integrating these sustainability indicators into their operations. This study contributes significantly to Industry 4.0 by evaluating sustainability in digital manufacturing systems linked to smart and networked digital manufacturing systems. This study proposes a more sustainable future by encouraging eco-friendly and responsible manufacturing practices, thus giving companies a competitive edge in the circular economy.

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