This systematic review investigates the impact of renewable energy microgrids on alleviating energy poverty and enhancing socio-economic outcomes in underserved communities. The study addresses the critical challenge of energy access, examining how small-scale renewable energy systems integrated with microgrids can serve as a sustainable solution. Using a structured methodology, the review synthesizes evidence from various studies to provide insights into the multifaceted implications of microgrid adoption. The key findings indicate that renewable energy microgrids significantly contribute to socio-economic development by improving livelihoods, economic growth, and enhancing food security, health, and education. The review also highlights economic assessments affirming the cost-effectiveness of these systems and the environmental benefits they offer, such as reduced emissions of greenhouse gases. However, the study also identifies challenges, including high initial capital costs, operational complexities, and regulatory barriers. The conclusions drawn from this review underscore the necessity for innovative financing solutions, supportive policy frameworks, and community engagement strategies to overcome these challenges. The alignment of microgrid solutions with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) further demonstrates their potential to drive broader sustainable development objectives.

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