Public finance management and budgeting are at the heart of development management. In Botswana public finance and management are entrenched in the Constitution of the Republic in sections 117124. To augment constitutional provisions on public finance, the Finance and Audit Act was passed by Parliament in 1970. In Botswana, the issues of transparency and accountability in public budgeting loom large. The system that obtains now have yielded positive results in the past but it is paramount that the two institutions that should provide budgeting oversight, namely Parliament and the Auditor-General. Parliament must hold the Executive accountable right from conception, preparation, and presentation up to implementation of the budget. The Public Accounts Committee must be given more teeth to take action against transgressors. The Auditor-General should take action against all those who have flaunted financial procedures and processes and misused public finances. Those who through corruption, negligence or reckless omission have caused loss of public money must be booked and charged.

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